Section 2.4: Hobbes versus Locke – Learning Resources

Section 2.4 Overview

This section explores the seminal contributions of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke to Western political thought, particularly their divergent views on the social contract, human nature, and the origins of government. Hobbes, with his pessimistic outlook, posited a natural state of human existence marked by chaos and conflict, advocating for absolute sovereignty as the solution. In contrast, Locke presented a more optimistic view, envisioning a natural state of equality and freedom, guided by natural law. His theory emphasized the protection of individual rights and the establishment of government through the consent of the governed. The profound differences between Hobbes and Locke not only shaped modern political and legal discourse but also continue to influence contemporary debates on governance, individual rights, and the role of the state in ensuring societal order. This section delves into their theories, offering critical insights into the foundations of modern democratic thought and the ongoing relevance of their ideas in understanding the dynamics of power, authority, and rights in modern societies.

Section Level Student Learning Outcomes

• SLO 1: Compare Hobbes and Locke’s views on the state of nature and social contract.
• SLO 2: Analyze the implications of Hobbes’ theory for modern governance and legal systems.
• SLO 3: Evaluate Locke’s influence on democratic thought and human rights discourse.
• SLO 4: Assess the relevance of Hobbes and Locke’s ideas in contemporary legal and political debates.
• SLO 5: Explore the impact of social contract theory on criminological thought and practice.

Modification History

File Created:  02/15/2024

Last Modified:  02/19/2024

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