Amarillo hops are a beloved variety in the brewing world, known for their vibrant citrus flavor and aromatic qualities. This guide will explore the history, characteristics, applications, and benefits of Amarillo hops, offering practical tips and insights for brewers.
Introduction to Amarillo Hops
Amarillo hops are a highly sought-after variety in craft and home brewing, prized for their distinctive aroma and flavor profile. They are known for their strong citrus characteristics, particularly orange, and are used extensively in a wide range of beer styles.
The History of Amarillo Hops
Discovery and Development
Amarillo hops were discovered by Virgil Gamache Farms in Washington State. Unlike many hop varieties that are intentionally bred, Amarillo hops were a serendipitous find. In the late 20th century, Virgil Gamache Farms noticed a particularly flavorful and aromatic hop growing among their crops. Recognizing its potential, they cultivated and propagated this unique variety, eventually releasing it to the brewing market under the name Amarillo.
Rise to Popularity
Since their introduction, Amarillo hops have steadily gained popularity, especially among craft brewers. Their bright, citrusy aroma and versatile use in both bittering and aroma applications have made them a staple in many breweries’ hop inventories. The rise of hop-forward beer styles like American Pale Ales (APAs) and India Pale Ales (IPAs) has further cemented Amarillo’s status as a go-to hop variety.
Characteristics of Amarillo Hops
Aroma and Flavor Profile
Amarillo hops are celebrated for their vibrant and complex aroma and flavor profile, which includes:
- Citrus: Dominant notes of orange and grapefruit.
- Floral: Subtle floral undertones that add depth.
- Tropical Fruit: Hints of mango, peach, and apricot.
- Herbal: A mild, herbal character that complements the fruitiness.
Alpha and Beta Acids
Amarillo hops typically have an alpha acid range of 8-11%, which provides a balanced bitterness. The beta acid content is generally around 6-7%, contributing to a smooth and pleasant bitterness that does not overpower the palate.
Essential Oils
The essential oil composition of Amarillo hops includes:
- Myrcene: Contributing to the hop’s citrus and fruity characteristics.
- Humulene: Adding earthy and woody notes.
- Caryophyllene: Bringing in a hint of spiciness.
- Farnesene: Often associated with floral and fruity aromas.
These oils work together to create the distinctive and multifaceted profile that Amarillo hops are known for.
Practical Applications of Amarillo Hops
Bittering
Amarillo hops are often used for bittering due to their balanced alpha acid content. They provide a smooth bitterness that enhances the overall flavor of the beer without overwhelming it. This quality makes them ideal for a variety of beer styles, including APAs and IPAs.
Aroma
Amarillo hops are highly valued for their aromatic qualities. They are commonly used in late boil additions, whirlpooling, and dry hopping to impart their bright, citrusy aroma to the beer. This makes them an excellent choice for hop-forward beers where aroma plays a critical role.
Popular Beer Styles Using Amarillo Hops
Amarillo hops are versatile and can be used in a variety of beer styles, including:
- American Pale Ales (APAs): Adding a bright, citrusy punch.
- India Pale Ales (IPAs): Enhancing the hop aroma and flavor profile.
- Wheat Beers: Complementing the light, refreshing character of the beer.
- Amber Ales: Balancing the malt sweetness with a subtle bitterness.
Tips for Brewing with Amarillo Hops
Dosage and Timing
- Early Boil Additions: For bitterness, add Amarillo hops early in the boil.
- Mid to Late Boil Additions: To enhance flavor, add Amarillo hops in the middle to late stages of the boil.
- Dry Hopping: For maximum aroma, dry hop with Amarillo after primary fermentation.
Pairing with Other Hops
Amarillo pairs well with a variety of other hop varieties, enhancing and balancing their characteristics. Popular pairings include:
- Simcoe: For a more pronounced pine and citrus profile.
- Citra: Adding more tropical fruit and citrus notes.
- Cascade: Enhancing the floral and citrus characteristics.
Storage and Handling
To maintain the quality of Amarillo hops, store them in a cool, dry place, preferably vacuum-sealed to minimize oxidation. Proper storage ensures that the hops retain their aromatic oils and bitterness potential.
Common Pitfalls in Using Amarillo Hops
Overpowering Flavors
Amarillo hops can be potent, and overuse can result in an overpowering flavor profile. It’s essential to balance the quantity used with other ingredients to avoid a beer that is too bitter or overly aromatic.
Timing Missteps
Incorrect timing of hop additions can affect the final flavor and aroma. It’s crucial to follow brewing schedules accurately to achieve the desired outcomes.
Storage Issues
Improper storage can lead to degradation of the hops, resulting in stale or diminished flavors. Always ensure hops are stored correctly to maintain their quality.
Conclusion
Amarillo hops have earned their place as a staple in the brewing industry, prized for their vibrant citrus flavor and versatile applications. Whether used for bittering or aroma, they offer brewers the flexibility to create a wide range of beer styles. By understanding their characteristics and following best practices in their use, brewers can harness the full potential of Amarillo hops to produce exceptional beers.
- Get some on Amazon